Periodontitis Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Periodontitis, including details on treatment, causes, gingivitis, symptoms.

Association between overweight/obesity and periodontitis in adults. A systematic review.

Suvan J, D'Aiuto F, Moles DR, Petrie A, Donos N

Unit of Periodontology, University College London (UCL), Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK. j.suvan@eastman.ucl.ac.uk

Overweight and obesity have been suggested to be associated with periodontitis as published in studies and narrative summaries. This project presents results of a systematic review investigating the association between overweight or obesity (as defined by the World Health Organization) and periodontitis. Search strategy included electronic and hand searching to December 2009. Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and SIGLE were searched. RCTs, cohort, case-control and cross-sectional study designs that included measures of periodontitis and body composition were eligible. Duplicate, independent screening and data abstraction were performed. Meta-analyses were performed when appropriate. A total of 526 titles and abstracts were screened, resulting in 61 full text articles and abstracts assessed for eligibility with 33 being included. Nineteen studies provided sufficient information for inclusion in meta-analyses. Meta-analyses indicated statistically significant associations between periodontitis and body mass index (BMI) category obese OR 1.81(1.42, 2.30), overweight OR 1.27(1.06, 1.51) and obese and overweight combined OR 2.13(1.40, 3.26). In conclusion, these results support an association between BMI overweight and obesity and periodontitis although the magnitude is unclear. Additional prospective studies to further quantify, or understand the mechanisms, of this association are merited. There is insufficient evidence to provide guidelines to clinicians on the clinical management of periodontitis in overweight and obese individuals.

Published 19 April 2011 in Obes Rev, 12(5): e381-404.
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Articles on Periodontitis published 7 February 2011:

Oral health and adverse pregnancy outcomes - what's next?   J Dent Res, 90(3): 289-93.

Studies on the link between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcome have gone through several phases. The epidemiological studies predominantly support a positive association between these wide-affecting diseases. During the intervention phase, a few small-scale, single-center studies reported improvement of birth outcome following periodontal treatment, whereas the large-scale multi-center studies did not demonstrate efficacy. Many questions arise with regard to patient population, ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Oral health and adverse pregnancy outcomes - what's next?   J Dent Res, 90(3): 289-93.

Studies on the link between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcome have gone through several phases. The epidemiological studies predominantly support a positive association between these wide-affecting diseases. During the intervention phase, a few small-scale, single-center studies reported improvement of birth outcome following periodontal treatment, whereas the large-scale multi-center studies did not demonstrate efficacy. Many questions arise with regard to patient population, ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Periodontitis published 28 January 2011:

In vitro studies of the ablation mechanism of periodontopathic bacteria and decontamination effect on periodontally diseased root surfaces by erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser.   Lasers Med Sci, 26(2): 193-204.

The erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser is now increasingly used in periodontal therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation on the morphology of periodontopathic bacteria and to compare the bacterial elimination effect of the laser and the ultrasonic scaler on diseased root surfaces in vitro. Colonies of Porphyromonas gingivalis were exposed to a single-pulse Er:YAG laser at 40 mJ and were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Periodontitis published 6 January 2011:

The C5a receptor impairs IL-12-dependent clearance of Porphyromonas gingivalis and is required for induction of periodontal bone loss.   J Immunol, 186(2): 869-77.

The C5a anaphylatoxin receptor (C5aR; CD88) is activated as part of the complement cascade and exerts important inflammatory, antimicrobial, and regulatory functions, at least in part, via crosstalk with TLRs. However, the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis can control C5aR activation by generating C5a through its own C5 convertase-like enzymatic activity. In this paper, we show that P. gingivalis uses this mechanism to proactively and selectively inhibit TLR2-induced IL-12p70, ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Periodontitis published 4 January 2011:

Production of interleukin-13 is influenced by the interleukin-4 -34TT and -590TT genotype in patients with aggressive periodontitis.   Scand J Immunol, 73(2): 128-34.

Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a specific form of periodontal disease, with rapid destruction of the tissues supporting the teeth in otherwise young healthy individuals. We recently showed a higher frequency of the interleukin-4 (IL-4) -34TT and -590TT genotype in AgP patients compared to controls (P<0.05). Herein, we demonstrated that this specific IL-4 genotype exerts its function by increasing expression of IL-4 and STAT6, and producing higher concentrations of IL-4 in activated CD4+ ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Production of interleukin-13 is influenced by the interleukin-4 -34TT and -590TT genotype in patients with aggressive periodontitis.   Scand J Immunol, 73(2): 128-34.

Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a specific form of periodontal disease, with rapid destruction of the tissues supporting the teeth in otherwise young healthy individuals. We recently showed a higher frequency of the interleukin-4 (IL-4) -34TT and -590TT genotype in AgP patients compared to controls (P<0.05). Herein, we demonstrated that this specific IL-4 genotype exerts its function by increasing expression of IL-4 and STAT6, and producing higher concentrations of IL-4 in activated CD4+ ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Periodontitis published 23 December 2010:

FGF-2 stimulates periodontal regeneration: results of a multi-center randomized clinical trial.   J Dent Res, 90(1): 35-40.

The efficacy of the local application of recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in periodontal regeneration has been investigated. In this study, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 253 adult patients with periodontitis. Modified Widman periodontal surgery was performed, during which 200 µL of the investigational formulation containing 0% (vehicle alone), 0.2%, 0.3%, or 0.4% FGF-2 was administered to 2- or 3-walled vertical bone defects. ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Fatty acid profiles in smokers with chronic periodontitis.   J Dent Res, 90(1): 47-52.

We hypothesized that tobacco smoke induces alterations to the 3-OH fatty acids present in lipid A in a manner consistent with a microflora of reduced inflammatory potential. Whole saliva samples and full-mouth clinical periodontal recordings were obtained from persons with (22 smokers; 15 non-smokers) and without (14 smokers; 15 non-smokers) chronic periodontitis. Clear differences in the contributions of multiple saturated 3-OH fatty acid species were noted in the group with disease compared ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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