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Imbalance between soluble tumour necrosis factor receptors type 1 and 2 in chronic periodontitis.

Ikezawa I, Tai H, Shimada Y, Komatsu Y, Galicia JC, Yoshie H

Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.

BACKGROUND: Soluble types of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptors type 1 and 2 modulate the TNF-alpha-mediated inflammatory responses in chronic periodontitis (CP). OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the levels of TNF-alpha, soluble TNF receptor type 1 and 2 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum of healthy subjects and CP patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight sera and 73 GCF samples were collected from 16 healthy subjects and 22 CP patients. GCF was collected from probing pocket depth (PPD)< or =3 mm sites of healthy subjects, PPD< or =3, 4-6 and > or =7 mm sites of CP patients. The levels of TNF-alpha, soluble TNF receptor type 1 and 2 in the serum and GCF were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. RESULTS: The total amounts of TNF-alpha, soluble TNF receptor type 1 and 2 in GCF significantly elevated with increasing PPD in both site-based (p<0.05) and subject-based (p<0.05) analyses. However, their levels progressively diverged as the pocket depths increased, with the soluble TNF receptor type 2 level being comparatively lower than type 1. On the other hand, soluble TNF receptor type 2/type 1 ratios in GCF decreased as the severity of periodontitis increased (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The imbalance between soluble TNF receptor type 1 and 2 levels in GCF could be related to CP severity.

Published 21 September 2005 in J Clin Periodontol, 32(10): 1047-54.
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